Three different ways of gripping irons and woods have been used in winning professional golf tournaments. They are, with a player who used the grip shown parenthetically: (1) baseball grip (Art Wall), (2) interlocking grip (Jack Nicklaus), and overlapping grip (Ben Hogan). Suppose a youngster’s parents hire T to teach their child, C, to play golf. In teaching C the grip to use for irons and woods, T can take either of the following 2 approaches:

Approach A—Teacher T shows C the grip that T uses, and T urges C to use that grip. T tells C nil about any other grip.

Approach B—Teacher T begins by showing C all 3 grips. T then urges C to try all 3 grips and then to choose the one that works best for C.

This golf-grip example is an excellent way to distinguish education (Approach B) from indoctrination (Approach A).